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Article History

Received: 17 April 2023

Accepted: 30 May 2023

First Online: 6 July 2023

Declarations

:

: All participants have been informed about the aims of the study. The participants’ anonymity is assured. No patient data was collected, so approval by the local ethics committee was waived.

: Not applicable.

: Dr Al-Shahi Salman reported personal fees from Recursion Pharmaceuticals Consultancy paid to The University of Edinburgh and personal fees from Bioxodes Consultancy paid to The University of Edinburgh outside the submitted work. Dr van der Worp received fees for consultation for Bayer and LivaNova, all paid to his institution. Dr Loh is a consultant for Abbott and has research contracts with Abbott. Dr Campbell is a member of the Editorial Board of Neurological Research and Practice. Dr Hill reports personal fees from Sun Pharma, grants to the University of Calgary from Boehringer Ingelheim, NoNO Inc, Medtronic LLC, outside the submitted work, has a patent US Patent office Number: 62/086,077 licensed to Circle Neurovascular Inc., and a patent US Patent office Number: US 10,916,346 licensed to Circle Neurovascular Inc., and owns stock in Pure Web Incorporated, a company that makes, among other products, medical imaging software, is a director of the Canadian Federation of Neurological Sciences, a not-for-profit group, a director of the Canadian Stroke Consortium, a not-for-profit group, is a director of Circle NeuroVascular Inc., and has received grant support from Alberta Innovates, CIHR, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Dr Andrade reports grants and personal fees from Medtronic, Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS), Pfizer, Bayer, and Servier. Dr Kirchhof receives research support for basic, translational, and clinical research projects from European Union, British Heart Foundation, Leducq Foundation, Medical Research Council (UK), and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, from several drug and device companies active in atrial fibrillation and has received honoraria from several such companies in the past, but not in the last three years. Paulus Kirchhof is listed as inventor on two patents held by University of Birmingham (Atrial Fibrillation Therapy WO 2015140571, Markers for Atrial Fibrillation WO 2016012783). Dr Thomalla reports personal fees from Acandis, Alexion, Amarin, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb/Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, Portola, and Stryker outside the submitted work. He serves as a section editor for Neurological Research and Practice. All other authors report no conflicts of interest.