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Article History

Received: 18 May 2026

Accepted: 10 July 2026

First Online: 20 July 2026

Declarations

Ethical approval: All experimental procedures involving animals were approved by the Animal Care and Experiment Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (License ID: IR.SUMS.AEC.1401.016). All protocols adhered to institutional and international guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals, including proper anesthesia, perioperative monitoring, and humane endpoints.

Informed consent: Not applicable. This study was conducted entirely on an animal model (New Zealand white rabbits). Instead of human consent, all animal welfare protocols were strictly followed, including anesthesia, postoperative care, and minimization of pain and distress.

Consent for publication: Not applicable. This study did not involve human participants, human data, or human tissue. All experimental procedures were conducted in animals, and therefore consent for publication was not required.

Declaration of the use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the manuscript preparation process: The authors declare that the use of artificial intelligence and AI-assisted technologies in this manuscript was limited strictly to the following tools and purposes: 1. Wordvice.ai ( ) This AI-assisted language editing tool was used solely for language refinement, paragraph structuring, grammar correction, and proofreading. It did not contribute to scientific interpretation, data analysis, clinical reasoning, or drafting of the core academic content. 2. Rayyan – Intelligent Systematic Review Platform ( ) Rayyan was used exclusively for screening similar articles, screening relevant literature, and assisting in the identification and extraction of relevant textual material for the Introduction and Discussion sections. It was not used for data generation, clinical interpretation, or scientific decision-making. 3. Zotero Reference Management Software ( ). Zotero was used for citation management and formatting of references. All scientific content, clinical data interpretation, manuscript drafting, and final approval were performed by the authors. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript and confirmed the accuracy and integrity of the reported data.

IRCT code:: Not applicable. This research was a preclinical animal study and did not involve any human participants or clinical trial registration.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.