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Authors
Osman, Doaa M.
Khalaf, Shimaa A.
Mohamed, Heba M.
Ali, Reda R.
Khalaf, Fatma R.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Assiut University
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Article History
Received: 3 November 2024
Accepted: 2 August 2025
First Online: 2 October 2025
Declarations
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: The Faculty of Nursing’s ethical committee approved this study on 28 April 2020 (IRB number 1120240786). Data were collected following ethical clearance. Informed written consent was obtained from all parents. For illiterate parents, consent was witnessed by a social worker or school official. Deaf girls gave written consent after translation into Egyptian Sign Language. For blind girls, consent was obtained orally in the presence of an impartial witness. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw at any time, and privacy and confidentiality were maintained throughout the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
