Das, Ram
Vashisht, Kapil
Savargaonkar, Deepali
Gupta, Yash
Kumar, Jatin
Harit, Renuka
Chandra, Suresh
Arya, Aditya
Tiwari, Vimlesh Kumar
Pandey, Kailash C.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Indian Council of Medical Research, India
Article History
Received: 30 November 2025
Accepted: 13 February 2026
First Online: 19 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval for blood sample collection was obtained by the Institutional Ethics Committee (ECR/NIMR/2013/102) of the ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India. Written informed consent was acquired from all participants, including legal guardians for minors.
: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used Gemini from Google in order to improve the language presentation. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.