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Optimizing cetacean blow collection methods under controlled conditions: implications for further non-invasive UAV-based sampling of the cetacean respiratory microbiome in the wild

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-026-00555-8

Published Online: 2026-04-03

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Dugény, Elyne

Ceolotto, Luca

Franch, Rafaella

Pesce, Gaia

Alvarez, Eva

Esposti, Erika

Mazzariol, Sandro

Centelleghe, Cinzia
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

NextGenerationEU (CN_00000033)

NextGenerationEU (ECS00000043)
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-04-03

Version of Record valid from 2026-05-14
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Article History

Received: 12 August 2025

Accepted: 19 March 2026

First Online: 3 April 2026

Declarations

:

: All procedures involving animals were conducted on bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus ) kept under human care in accordance with the EU Directive 1999/22/EC. Samples were collected non-invasively during routine veterinary examinations, following the Italian Decree 73/2005 and its annexes. Sample collection and storage were authorized under the CITES permit IT020.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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