Hamza, Muhammad
Yu, Yi
Nawaz, Fahad
Meng, Xuanshi
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12072284 and 12472275)
the Foundation of National Key Laboratory of Aircraft Configuration Design (ZZKY-202501)
the 111 Project (B17037)
the Project of Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Aircraft Ice Protection (XFX20220303)
the Key Laboratory Foundation of Icing and Anti/De-icing of CARDC (2301IADL20230402)
Article History
Received: 30 June 2025
Revised: 12 September 2025
Accepted: 30 September 2025
First Online: 13 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors have no conflict of interest.