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Article History

Received: 8 October 2025

Revised: 27 May 2026

Accepted: 30 May 2026

First Online: 8 June 2026

Declarations

:

: Presented experiment received approval from the State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic (protocol number 4073/18–221/3). All animals were treated and euthanized humanely, adhering to the ethical guidelines set forth by the Ethics Committee of the University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice). All experimental procedures and reporting in this study comply with the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) guidelines. All animals were euthanized humanely by cervical dislocation performed by trained personnel in accordance with the AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2020 Edition [ ]. UC FMT donor screening, selection and sample collection was approved by the Ethical Commission of the University Hospital of L. Pasteur in Kosice, Slovakia (project No. 14/2018/OVaV).

: Informed consent was obtained from the FMT donor for the collection and use of faecal samples in this study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.