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Authors
Supriyana, Dwi Surya
Ardyanto, Tonang Dwi
Nurwati, Ida
Tamtomo, Didik Gunawan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Institute of Research and Community Service Universitas Sebelas Maret (194.2/UN27.22/PT.01.03/2024)
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Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Accepted: 23 October 2025
First Online: 29 October 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret (Approval number: 250/UN27.06.11/KEP/EC/2023). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from patients or their legal guardians for participation in the study.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all the participants.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
