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Authors
Saleem, Muhammad Wali
Amjad, Maha
Ullah, Ihsan
Jan, Rafi Ullah
Khan, Muhammad Ishaq
Israr, Ummad
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Article History
Received: 11 February 2025
Accepted: 25 October 2025
First Online: 10 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study received ethical approval from the Peshawar Institute of Cardiology, Internal Review Board (IRB), approval no. IRC/24/59, on 12th January,2024.
: Not applicable.
: was obtained verbally before participation. In case of patients who had died, informed consent was taken from the next of kin.The consent was audio-recorded in the presence of an independent witness.
