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Evaluation of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 as an early biomarker for diabetic nephropathy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43054-026-00534-3

Published Online: 2026-03-25

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Handoka, Nesrin Mosad

Badr, Rasha Emad

Shehata, Youssab Fakhry Metry

Elbayaa, Dina Ahmed
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-03-25

Version of Record valid from 2026-03-25
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Article History

Received: 26 November 2025

Accepted: 23 March 2026

First Online: 25 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University (approval code: ERN: MED (4/2/2024) s.no. (138) PED 817_005). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (2013).

: A written informed consent was obtained from the caregivers of patients before enrolment.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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