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Article History

Received: 8 August 2022

Accepted: 14 June 2023

First Online: 23 June 2023

Declarations

:

: This was a retrospective study on data available for clinical practice in which clinical records of all patients in ongoing biologic therapy were reviewed. Data were anonymously collected in each center and were cumulatively gathered in an electronic database for analysis. Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because the analysis used anonymous data that were obtained after each patient agreed to being followed up and to collect clinical records by institutions. No experimental procedures, novel devices, or experimental drugs were used, and no funds were received. The study protocol conformed to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.