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Authors
Farouk, Mohamed
Abdelghani, Mohamed
Marwan, Eman
Darwish, Manal M.
Ali, Waleed Ahmad
Seleem, Mostafa
Abdou, Hossam
Sobh, Ahmed M. A.
El-Kassas, Mohamed
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Article History
Received: 4 August 2024
Accepted: 2 June 2025
First Online: 10 June 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the local ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University (serial 11–2024). All participants provided informed consent before contributing to this study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
