Zhao, Jiwei
Zhu, Peixuan
Wen, Zhibin
Tang, Fanyi
Zheng, Bin
Zhu, Rongrong
Qian, Haoliang
Qian, Chao
Lu, Huan
Chen, Hongsheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5735-9781
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62071423)
Top-Notch Young Talent of China
Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province under Grant (LR23F010004)
Top-Notch Young Talent of Zhejiang Province
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (226-2024-00125)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2024M762827)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2025T180960)
Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF (GZC20241521)
Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF (GZB20230654)
Zhejiang Provincial Postdoctoral Science Foundation (ZJ2024054)
Zhejiang Provincial Postdoctoral Science Foundation (ZJ2024055)
Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (2024C01160)
Article History
Received: 28 September 2025
Revised: 10 December 2025
Accepted: 25 December 2025
First Online: 6 January 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable. This study did not involve human participants, human data, human tissue, animals, or plants. All experiments were performed in a shielded microwave anechoic chamber using inanimate objects and programmable metasurface hardware.
: Not applicable. The manuscript contains no individual person’s data in any form.
: The authors declare no competing financial or non-financial interests.