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In vivo efficacy of Zingiber officinale (Zingiberaceae), Punica granatum (Punicaceae), and Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae) extracts against Giardia lamblia trophozoites with evaluation of serum IgE levels

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-026-00753-y

Published Online: 2026-03-28

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Dakah, Abdulkarim

Abdulrahaman, Ghassan

Al Kurdi, Mohammed Nour

assany, Yahya
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-03-28

Version of Record valid from 2026-03-28
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Article History

Received: 20 November 2025

Accepted: 3 March 2026

First Online: 28 March 2026

Declarations

:

: This research was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki’s International Standards and Ethical Directives. The rules for obtaining information and consent for research purposes were strictly followed; informed consent for study participation was obtained for collections of stool samples. All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Animals were treated with care and respect; the protocols were approved by the Ethical Committee (Certificate Nr. 21/VIII, 2025). All animal experiments strictly followed national and international guidelines, and the study was designed, conducted, and reported in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines ( ), ensuring high standards of animal welfare and ethics.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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