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Article History

Received: 26 June 2025

Accepted: 27 October 2025

First Online: 4 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical review and approval were not required for this study on humans’ participants.

: This statement is to certify that the authors have seen and approved the manuscript being submitted. The authors warrant that the article is the authors’ original work. The authors warrant that the article has not received prior publication and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.

: The participants provided their informed consent to participate in this study.

: The authors declare that no assistance is taken from generative AI to write this article.

: The authors confirm no conflicts of interest associated with this research. This study was carried out independently, without financial support, sponsorship or funding from external agencies or organisations.