Rosdiana, Riska
Hariani, Swarmilah
Pramudena, Sri Marti
Bakti, I Gede Mahatma Yuda
Syahlani, Nurfadlih
Utomo, Agung Widyo
Sumaedi, Sik
Widyanty, Winda
Prasetya, Prita
Shiratina, Aldina
Funding for this research was provided by:
Directorate General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, Republic of Indonesia
Article History
Received: 29 September 2025
Accepted: 1 January 2026
First Online: 22 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Since this paper did not involve human subjects and/or the use of harmful materials, a formal ethical clearance process was not required for this research.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable