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Comparison of Spencer muscle energy technique and conventional physiotherapy on pain and disability in shoulder adhesive capsulitis: a quasi-experimental study

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43161-025-00297-9

Published Online: 2025-06-10

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Amin, Aisha

Malik, Ramsha

Memon, Sajjan Iqbal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9603-5969
Awan, Zainab Zafar

Almas, Faiza

Hussain, Rabia Talab

Zahra, Qurat-ul-ain
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-06-10

Version of Record valid from 2025-06-10
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Article History

Received: 30 January 2025

Accepted: 25 May 2025

First Online: 10 June 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Gujranwala Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences affiliated with the University of Sargodha on 06/10/2023 (Approval number: GIRS-00890–17/01). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before their inclusion in the study.

: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos).

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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