Zhu, Jinyu
Zhuang, Yanghao
Zhou, Yin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-7753
Xin, Jingzhou
Zhou, Jianting
Luo, Chao
Fan, Yonghui
Funding for this research was provided by:
The National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2024YFB2605700)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U24A20163)
the Science and Technology Project of the Sichuan Provincial Transportation Department (No. 2023-ZL-03)
the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation of China (No. CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0205)
the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation of China (No. CSTB2025NSCQ-GPX0835)
the Chongqing Municipal Postgraduate Research and Innovation Project (No. CYB25268)
Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (No. 2025M783334)
Article History
Received: 5 December 2025
Revised: 20 January 2026
Accepted: 1 February 2026
First Online: 16 May 2026
Declarations
:
: Jianting Zhou is an editorial board member for Advances in Bridge Engineering and was not involved in the editorial review, or the decision to publish, this article. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.