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Article History

Received: 17 June 2025

Revised: 16 March 2026

Accepted: 18 March 2026

First Online: 3 April 2026

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Medical University of Cordoba/IMIBIC (protocol code PI19/01603, v1—13/03/2019) and Ethics Committees from all the Hospitals involved in the study. Informed consent from each patient was obtained through the Andalusian Biobank (Servicio Andaluz de Salud). Mice xenograft experiments were performed according to the European Regulations for Animal Care, in accordance with guidelines and regulations, and under the approval of the University of Cordoba research ethics committees (ref. 23/09/2022/115).

: Not applicable.

: M.D.C. is a former employee of IPSEN. The rest of the authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose, no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article, no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript and no financial or proprietary interests in any material discussed in this article.