Mourenza, Álvaro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4926-3891
Llano-Verdeja, Jesús
Castañera, Pablo
Krishnan, Rakesh
Vogelaar, Alicia
Lorente-Torres, Blanca
Fernández-Martínez, Sergio
Ferrero, Helena Á.
Zaro, Jennica
Aparicio, Jesús F.
Mateos, Luis M.
de la Fuente-Nunez, Cesar
Letek, Michal
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (CNS2022-135378)
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (CPP2022-009522)
Junta de Castilla y León (LE044P20)
Article History
Received: 17 December 2025
Revised: 1 July 2026
Accepted: 14 July 2026
First Online: 29 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the Universidad de León and the Junta de Castilla y León (ETICA-ULE-060–2021, ETICA-ULE-003–2023, ETICA-ULE-043–2023) for BSL-2 work involving pathogens and genetically modified human cell lines.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez is a co-founder of, and scientific advisor, to Peptaris, Inc., provides consulting services to Invaio Sciences, and is a member of the Scientific Advisory Boards of Nowture S.L., Peptidus, European Biotech Venture Builder, the Peptide Drug Hunting Consortium (PDHC), ePhective Therapeutics, Inc., and Phare Bio. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.