Alam, Md. Shaffiul
Islam, Md. Nazmul
Adhikari, Bishwo Jyoti
Islam, Shanta
Mahmud, R. S.
Rahman, Md. Siddiqur
Islam, M. Ariful
Aktaruzzaman, Muhammad
Rahman, A. K. M. Anisur https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9660-4949
Funding for this research was provided by:
Livestock and Dairy Development Project (2022/7/LDDP)
Article History
Received: 17 February 2026
Accepted: 10 April 2026
First Online: 13 May 2026
Declarations
:
: This study involved the sampling of dairy cattle and did not include human participants. All procedures were conducted in accordance with internationally accepted standards for the ethical use of animals in research and the STARD-BLCM guidelines for diagnostic accuracy studies using Bayesian latent class models. Ethical approval was obtained from the Animal Welfare and Experimentation Ethical Committee of Bangladesh Agricultural University (approval no. AWEEC/BAU/2022/07).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.