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Article History

Received: 2 June 2022

Accepted: 20 July 2022

First Online: 30 July 2022

Declarations

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: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Dr. Cortegiani received fee for lectures or board memberships from Gilead, MSD, and Pfizer.Dr. Falcone has received research grants and/or speaker honoraria from Angelini, Menarini, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Nordic Pharma, Pfizer, and Shionogi, outside the submitted work.Dr. Girardis reported that he participated in numerous advisory board sponsored by the pharmaceutical company, also of antibiotics, as well as Shionogi outside the submitted work.Dr. Pea participated in advisory boards and/or received speaker honoraria from Angelini, Basilea Pharmaceutica, Bei Gene, Gilead Sciences, Hikma, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, and Sanofi Aventis, outside the submitted work.Dr. Stefani has received research grants from Shionogi.Dr. Viale has received honoraria and/or support from Biomerieux, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, and Pfizer outside the submitted work.All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.