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Article History

Received: 2 April 2025

Accepted: 23 June 2025

First Online: 31 July 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee for Research Involving Humans at the University of Quebec in Outaouais (2024–3138) and is in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. All participants signed a consent form for the individual interview and, where applicable, another for the trace interview. The signed consent was fully informed, in accordance with ethical guidelines. This consent included information that the study results would be published in scientific journals. In this article, any identifying information related to the participants or members of the targeted social media groups has been removed. Furthermore, all narrative excerpts used in the results are presented in an omniscient narrative style to maintain the anonymity of the participants. This measure is ethically necessary, as women and individuals who choose to experience freebirth in Quebec (Canada) belong to small online communities where they know and recognize each other. Additionally, the names of social media groups are not disclosed due to their private nature. However, the names of professional pages on YouTube are specified since they are public and do not carry implicit expectations of privacy protection.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.