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Authors
Bùi, Tra-My N.
Desai, Nymisha
Dunphy, Morgan
Xu, Xandro
Mathisen, Marius
Kjersem, Frode W.
Nuske, Heather J.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Summer Undergraduate Mentored Research Program, Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics at the University of Pennsylvania
Innovation Norway
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Article History
Received: 20 December 2024
Accepted: 22 January 2026
First Online: 27 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was reviewed and approved by the University of Pennsylvania Institutional Review Board (IRB# 854655). All research procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee, the Declaration of Helsinki and the Belmont Report. All participants provided informed consent prior to enrollment.
: Figures , and include commercially licensed stock images of people and fictive names used solely for illustrative and demonstration purposes. The individuals in the figures are not study participants and have been anonymized by obscuring facial features. No personal or identifiable data from participants are included in this article, therefore, consent for publication is not applicable.
: Marius Mathisen is the CEO of Pletly and Frode W. Kjersem is the Chief Operating Officer of Pletly. Heather J. Nuske has consulted for Pletly.
