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Article History

Received: 1 March 2024

Accepted: 2 September 2024

First Online: 8 October 2024

Declarations

:

: Ethics approval was not required as this modelling study used publicly available population-level data. No identifiable data were accessed and no interactions with participants were involved.

: Not applicable.

: JY is the President of the Singapore chapter of the Professional Society for Health Economics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) and reports funding from Novo Nordisk PHARMA GULF FZE for congress attendance. VS is an employee of Novo Nordisk A/S, Denmark. JRB and JGUR are employees of Novo Nordisk PHARMA GULF FZE. SK reports honoraria from Boehringer Ingelheim and Sanofi. GK reports payment for serving on advisory boards and honoraria or travel support received from Abbott, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Reed Exhibitions. KK reports clinical trial contracts from Alvogen Korea, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and Novo Nordisk PHARMA, consulting fees for Novo Nordisk PHARMA Korea, and honoraria for Alvogen Korea, Chong Kun Dang, and Novo Nordisk PHARMA Korea. VM reports acting as consultant and speaker and having received research or educational grants from Abbott, Alembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd., AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Biocon, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., IPCA Laboratories Ltd., Johnson & Johnson, LifeScan, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche Diabetes Care India Pvt. Ltd, Sanofi-Aventis, SunPharma, USV Private Limited, and Zydus Healthcare Ltd. JP reports honoraria from INova and Novo Nordisk. BO reports a clinical study grant, consulting fees and honoraria from Novo Nordisk PHARMA Malaysia. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.