Nightingale, Emily S.
Bindroo, Joy
Dubey, Pushkar
Priyamvada, Khushbu
Das, Aritra
Bern, Caryn
Srikantiah, Sridhar
Kumar, Ashok
Cameron, Mary M.
Lucas, Tim C. D.
Sharma, Sadhana
Medley, Graham F.
Brady, Oliver J.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1183986, OPP1196454, OPP1196454, OPP1196454, OPP1196454, OPP1196454, OPP1183986, OPP1184344)
National Institute of Health Research
Medical Research Council (MR/V031112/1)
Article History
Received: 15 April 2024
Accepted: 13 May 2025
First Online: 5 June 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine ethics committee for this study (ref:26841) and from the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme in India (NVBDCP) for the work of the SPEAK India research consortium (https://speakindia.org.in/) under which this project falls. The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the use of de-identified secondary data. The ethics committee of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences-Patna (AIIMS-Patna) approved the ACD effectiveness evaluation protocol for analysis of data from the Kala-Azar Management Information System (KAMIS); no new data were collected under the research protocol.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.