Oza, Hemali H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5432-3919
Salinger, Allison P. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7335-027X
Taruc, Ruzka https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4208-4957
Tela, Autiko https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6128-955X
Barker, S. Fiona https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9203-5766
Leder, Karin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1368-1039
Freeman, Matthew C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-2572
Clasen, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4062-5788
Sinharoy, Sheela S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3077-3824
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust
New Zealand Foreign Affairs and Trade
Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australian Government
Asian Development Bank
Government of Fiji
City of Makassar
Monash University
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (5T32ES12870-17)
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (K12 GM000680/GM/NIGMS NIH)
Article History
Received: 8 September 2024
Accepted: 10 June 2025
First Online: 9 July 2025
Declarations
:
: Approval for the RISE trial and this study was obtained from the following universities and institutional review boards: University of the South Pacific, Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee (Melbourne, Australia; project ID 9396), the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education Ethics Committee of Medical Research at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin (Makassar, Indonesia; protocol UH18020110), and the Fiji National University College Human Health Research Ethics Committee (Suva, Fiji; CHREC ID 137.19 and CHHREC ID 310.20). The RISE program is a randomized control trial registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (trial ID: ACTRN12618000633280). Before survey data collection, all respondents were provided with informed consent, given written explanatory statements describing the voluntary nature of study participation and the fact that they can withdraw from any or all the study components at any time. Verbal informed consent was affirmed and documented prior to proceeding with survey and sample collection. Research conformed to the principles set out in the Declarations of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.