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Authors
Bradshaw, Matt
Kent, Blake Victor
Wortham, Jennifer Susan
Le Pertel, Noémie
VanderWeele, Tyler J.
Johnson, Byron R.
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Article History
Received: 5 July 2025
Accepted: 4 February 2026
First Online: 16 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was granted by the Institutional Review Boards at Baylor University (IRB Reference #: 1841317) and Gallup Inc. (IRB Reference #: 2021–11–02). Gallup is a multi-national corporation, and its IRB covers all countries included in the Global Flourishing Study. All participants provided informed consent to Gallup, and IRB approval for all data collection activities was obtained by Gallup (10.1007/s10654-024–01167–9). IRB approval for data analysis was granted by Baylor University. All personally identifiable information (PII) was removed from the data used in this study by Gallup and was not accessible to the authors. This research conformed to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration.
: Consent by participants was given for their responses on the GFS to be used in publications.
: Tyler VanderWeele reports consulting fees from Gloo Inc., along with shared revenue received by Harvard University in its license agreement with Gloo according to the University IP policy. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
