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Article History

Received: 23 October 2025

Accepted: 13 April 2026

First Online: 1 May 2026

Change Date: 14 June 2026

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original publication was modified to update the caption of Supplementary material 1.

Declarations

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: Ethical approval was not required for this study because the data were collected as part of a routine service evaluation and quality improvement programme within NHS Talking Therapies services, rather than for the primary purpose of research. This classification was confirmed by the NHS Health Research Authority (July 2020; reference number 81/81C).Data were provided by services under the North and Central East London (NCEL) agreement and were fully anonymised prior to analysis, in accordance with the procedures of the host institution and the NHS Trusts delivering NHS Talking Therapies services (project reference: 00519-IAPT).The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Individual patient consent was not required due to the use of anonymised routinely collected service data.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.