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Authors
Okoye, Chidimma
Ilozumba, Jude
Oko, John
Effiong, Amana
Oluokun, Young
Eze, Chinwe
Akaniro, Obioma
Ubochioma, Emperor
Ugwu, Collins Nwachi
Fukunaga, Rena
Rahman, Toufiq
Bimba, John
Creswell, Jacob
Ugwu, Chukwuebuka
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Stop TB Partnership Geneva
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Article History
Received: 20 March 2026
Accepted: 29 July 2026
First Online: 5 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the National Health Research Ethics Committee (NHREC: NHREC/2024/01/137/13-06-24). Permission to conduct the screening programme was granted by State Ministries of Health and State Tuberculosis Programmes. Participation was voluntary. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and parental or guardian consent was obtained for minors; consent was documented in accordance with the approved protocol. All data were anonymised prior to analysis to ensure confidentiality, in line with WHO ethical standards for TB care and the Declaration of Helsinki [ , ].
Consent for publication: Not applicable. The manuscript presents only de-identified, aggregated data and contains no individual person’s identifying details, images, or clinical information.
Competing interests: JC is the guest editor for the collection “Artificial intelligence and tuberculosis screening” at BMC Global and Public Health. JC and TR are affiliated with the Stop TB Partnership, which supports the TB REACH initiative that funded this work. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
