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Authors
Borst, Luke
Bacmeister, Cindy
Yau, Wilson
Aceino, Alex
Ranck, Rose
Labelle, Philippe
Ehrensing, Gordon
Oliveira, Fabiano
Myers, Carl
Willcox, Jennifer L.
Ellerby, Zack
Haydock, Richard
Taylor, Kylie
Parkinson, Mark
Fitzke, Michael
Gerdin, Jodie
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Article History
Received: 30 January 2025
Accepted: 18 July 2025
First Online: 14 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study utilized de-identified retrospective data from North American canine patients submitted for routine evaluation. No prospective sample or data collection was conducted for the purpose of this study and data use was in alignment with the terms and conditions agreed to by the submitting veterinarian and their clients.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
