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Authors
Amin, Naweedullah
Osmani, Abdul Rahman
Oryakhil, Qudratullah
Erfan, Mohammad Arif
Farkhary, Sayed Ibrahim
Wais, Mohammad Navid
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Article History
Received: 1 November 2025
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 3 April 2026
Declarations
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: This research was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards and guidelines of the Ministry of Higher Education, Afghanistan. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Board of Kabul University (Protocole No. 3, dated 4 October 2023) and subsequently from theMinistry of Higher Education (Protocol No. 15, dated 26 October 2023), as required by national regulations for research involving biological sampling. All procedures were reviewed and approved to ensure compliance with institutional and national ethical regulations and requirements.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
