Lemlem, Mulu
Aklilu, Erkihun
Mohamed, Maizan
Kamaruzzaman, Nor Fadhilah
Zakaria, Zunita
Harun, Azian
Devan, Susmita Seenu
Kamaruzaman, Intan Noor Aina
Reduan, Mohd Farhan Hanif
Saravanan, Muthupandian
Article History
Received: 17 April 2023
Accepted: 8 November 2023
First Online: 8 December 2023
Declarations
:
: The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Universiti Malaysia Kelantan approved this study (UMK/FPV/ACUE/PG/2/2019). The animal subjects (chicken from commercial poultry farms) were only used to collect cloacal swabs, and no invasive or harmful procedures were used to handle the birds. Informed consent was obtained from the farm owners for the use of their animals in the study prior to study commencement. All methods carried out in this manuscript are based on standard guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.