Vollmer, Michaela A.C. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6970-7192
Glampson, Ben
Mellan, Thomas
Mishra, Swapnil
Mercuri, Luca
Costello, Ceire
Klaber, Robert
Cooke, Graham
Flaxman, Seth
Bhatt, Samir
Funding for this research was provided by:
NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (MR/R015600/1)
Article History
Received: 24 June 2020
Accepted: 16 December 2020
First Online: 18 January 2021
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: This study is an analysis of aggregated hospital data which is non-identifiable. According to the Medical Research Council and the NHS Health Research Authority, it did not require ethical approval by the NHS Research Ethics Committee.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.