Funding for this research was provided by:
Medical Research Council (MR/K500823/1)
Article History
Received: 24 October 2017
Accepted: 10 May 2019
First Online: 24 May 2019
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: Ethics approval was granted by the NHS National Research Ethics Service Committee North West – Haydock (reference 13/NW/0752). Participants were provided with written information about the study and gave written consent. For participants with dementia, the process model of consent was followed where applicable. This is a stepped model which first involved approaching a consultee (usually a relative) to ascertain whether a resident would potentially be interested in taking part. The consultee was given an information sheet about the study, and the role of consultee, and was asked to provide written declaration stating that in their opinion, the person with dementia would have no objection to taking part in the study. Subsequent steps in the process model involved the researcher learning about the resident’s communicative behaviours, and monitoring each interaction with the resident for signs of distress.
: Participants provided consent for publication of anonymised quotes from interviews and descriptions from observational notes.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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