Graf, Jonas
Hartmann, Christian J.
Lehmann, Helmar C.
Otto, Carolin
Adams, Ortwin
Karenfort, Michael
Schneider, Christian
Ruprecht, Klemens
Bosse, Hans Martin
Diedrich, Sabine
Böttcher, Sindy
Schnitzler, Alfons
Hartung, Hans-Peter
Aktas, Orhan
Albrecht, Philipp http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7987-658X
Article History
Received: 2 July 2019
Accepted: 14 November 2019
First Online: 29 November 2019
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: The study was approved by the ethics committee in Düsseldorf (registry number 4423). Due to the retrospective manner of this study, patient consent was waived by the ethics committee.
: Not applicable.
: JG* - received travel/meeting/accommodation reimbursements from Biogen, Merck Serono, and Sanofi-Genzyme.CH* - declares no relevant competing interests.HCL - declares no relevant competing interests.KR - received research support from Novartis, Merck Serono and German Ministry of Education and Research as well as speaking fees and travel grants from Bayer Healthcare, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, sanofi-aventis/Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Roche, Novartis, and Guthy Jackson Charitable Foundation.MK - received, with approval of the Rector of Heinrich-Heine University and the CEO of University of Düsseldorf Hospital honoraria for consulting, serving on steering committees and speaking from Novartis.CS - declares no relevant competing interests.OAd - declares no relevant competing interests.CO - declares no relevant competing interests.HMB - declares no relevant competing interests.SD - declares no relevant competing interests.SB - declares no relevant competing interests.AS - reports consulting and lecture fees from Abbott/SJM, Boston Scientific, Teva Neuroscience, UCB, MEDA Pharma, Novartis and Abbvie as well as research grants from the German Research Council, BMBF, the German Ministery of Education and Health, and the Helmholtz Association.HPH (outside this work) - received, with approval of the Rector of Heinrich-Heine University and the CEO of University of Düsseldorf Hospital honoraria for consulting, serving on steering committees and speaking from Biogen, CSL Behring, Geneuro, Genzyme, LFB, Medimmune, Merck Serono, Novartis, Octapharma, Opexa, Receptos/Celgene, Roche, Sanofi, and Teva.OAk* - received, with approval of the Rector of Heinrich-Heine University, grants from the German Research Foundation (DFG), the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the German Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis (KKNMS; for NEMOS NationNMO-PAT FKZ 01GI1602B), the Eugène Devic European Network (EU-FP7), honoraria and travel/accommodation/meeting expenses from Almirall, Bayer, Biogen, Medimmune, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, and Teva.PA* - received, with approval of the Rector of Heinrich-Heine University and the CEO of University of Düsseldorf Hospital grants, personal fees and non-financial support from Allergan, Biogen, Ipsen, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, and Roche, personal fees and non-financial support from Bayer Healthcare, Merck Serono, and Sanofi-Aventis/Genzyme, outside the submitted work.