Ning, Chen
Hu, Xinyi
Liu, Fangming
Lin, Jun
Zhang, Jian
Wang, Zhipeng
Zhu, Yichen
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China ((Grant No.81700671 and No. 81801437))
Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals’ Youth Programme, (Code: QMS20180104)
Article History
Received: 3 January 2019
Accepted: 4 July 2019
First Online: 23 July 2019
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: We obtained the certificate number HCUP-4V39I50IU from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) and conformed to the data-use agreement for the NIS as received from HCUP. The Institutional Review Board (IRB)/Bioethics Committee of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University approved the study design and no consent was required to use the de-identified NIS patient data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.