Article History
Received: 18 July 2018
Accepted: 30 June 2019
First Online: 22 July 2019
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: Ethical approval was given by The East Midlands-Nottingham 2 NRES Committee (26th May 2015), and by the Science, Technology, Engineering, Medicine and Health (STEMH) ethics sub-committee at the University of Central Lancashire (project no. 358; 15th June 2015). Additionally, governance approval was granted by all relevant NHS organisations at each of the three study sites. All participants were given information about the study and gave consent to participate. Participants gave written consent at observations and verbal consent at telephone interview; all consent procedures were approved by both ethics committees.
: All participants gave consent for study findings included anonymised quotes to be presented in publications.
: Gill Thomson is a member of the Editorial Board of BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. The authors declare that they have no other competing interests.