Berkenstock, Meghan K.
Carey, Andrew R.
Article History
Received: 7 September 2020
Accepted: 14 December 2020
First Online: 6 January 2021
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: A waiver for consent was obtained from the Johns Hopkins Hospital IRB. This retrospective study was conducted without an individual chart review. No consent was required as no identifiable information was obtained. Only aggregate data were used.
: No consent is needed as the study obtained a waiver of consent and used only aggregate data without identifiable patient information.
: Not applicable.