Kachi, Yuko http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-1265
Abe, Aya
Eguchi, Hisashi
Inoue, Akiomi
Tsutsumi, Akizumi
Funding for this research was provided by:
JST、RISTEX (JPMJRX18B)
JSPS KAKENHI (JP17H02606)
JSPS KAKENHI (JP20H01509)
Article History
Received: 27 July 2020
Accepted: 19 January 2021
First Online: 28 January 2021
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: Ethics approval for the present study was not required because this was a retrospective analysis of public surveillance data that is free of personally identifiable information. We obtained permission from the Tokyo Metropolitan Government to use the survey data. In the original survey, the study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tokyo Metropolitan University (no. H28–73). The questionnaire stated that participation was voluntary and that participants did not have to answer any question that the they felt uncomfortable answering. Additionally, parents were considered to have agreed to participate in the study if they returned the questionnaire to the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. The children’s questionnaire was returned with their parent (or guardian)'s questionnaire in the same envelop, and as above, the returning the questionnaire (both child’s and parent’s) is taken to be the consent of the parent (guardian).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing financial interests.