Heri, Aimé Bitakuya
Cavallaro, Francesca L.
Ahmed, Nurilign
Musheke, Maurice Mubuyaeta
Matsui, Mitsuaki
Article History
Received: 25 December 2020
Accepted: 19 February 2021
First Online: 6 March 2021
Declarations
:
: The DHS program obtained ethical approval from institutional review boards at Inner City Fund (ICF) International Inc. and the Tropical Diseases Research Centre (TDRC) in Zambia. At the beginning of each survey, every participant was informed that participation in the survey is completely voluntary, the participant has rights to skip any questions and stop the interview any time, and the information in this survey is strictly confidential. For each survey, respondents were asked to provide written informed consent before interview; and data collectors were trained on ethical issues. This study was a secondary analysis of data with no identifying information, and therefore did not require ethical approval from Nagasaki University. This study was complied with Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects jointly issued from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare in 2017 in Japan. We also received an authorization to use the Zambian dataset from the DHS Program.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.