Mwangi, Jonathan
Miruka, Fredrick
Mugambi, Mary
Fidhow, Ahmed
Chepkwony, Betty
Kitheka, Frankline
Ngugi, Evelyn
Aoko, Appolonia
Ngugi, Catherine
Waruru, Anthony
Article History
Received: 21 July 2021
Accepted: 4 March 2022
First Online: 2 April 2022
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Kenya Medical Research Institute’s Ethical Review Committee, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Institutional Review Board, and the Committee on Human Research of the University of California, San Francisco. In addition, the Kenya Ministry of Health, the National AIDS and STI Control Program, and the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief funding agencies provided concurrence. All the PHIA protocols were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The Protocols were also reviewed per the CDC IRB human research protection procedures. Columbia University IRB additionally reviewed and approved the 2018 PHIA protocol.
: Individual data not presented. Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The findings and conclusions of this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Health Kenya, National AIDS & STI Control Program, National HIV Reference Laboratory, Nairobi, Kenya.