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Authors
Issaka, Ayuba http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1022-3633
Cameron, Adrian J.
Paradies, Yin
Bosu, William K.
Houehanou, Yèssito Corine N.
Kiwallo, Jean B.
Wesseh, Chea S.
Houinato, Dismand S.
Nazoum, Diarra J. P.
Stevenson, Christopher
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Article History
Received: 20 January 2022
Accepted: 26 May 2022
First Online: 17 June 2022
Declarations
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: Each country obtained ethical approval from a local ethics committee, and all participants provided written informed consent. In Burkina Faso, the WHO STEPS survey protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee for Health Research (CERS) of the Ministry of Health, jointly with the Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation (Deliberation No. 2012–12-092 on 5th December 2012). In Ghana, the study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ghana Health Service Ethical Review Committee. (Reference number: GHS-ERC-7 on 30 March 2006). In Mali, the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene ethical committee reviewed and approved the study in February 2007). In Liberia the protocol was approved by the University of Liberia-Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation (UL PIRE), Liberia in January 2011, and in Benin, the study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ministry of Health Ethics Committee (now, the National Ethics Committee for Health Research: Authorisation no. 2008/PNLMNT/DNSP/MS-Bénin). Study methods were carried out following relevant regulations and guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
