Wang, Nan
Li, Yangyuan
Wu, Shichong
Liu, Yunjie
Nie, Jingchun
Wu, Junhao
Reheman, Zulihumaer
Ye, Jinbiao
Yang, Jie
Funding for this research was provided by:
Excellent Graduate Training Program of Shaanxi Normal University (LHRCTS23019, LHRCCX23122)
Social Science Foundation Project of Shaanxi Province (2022F006)
Humanities and Social Science Research Project of Ministry of Education (22YJC840023)
the Ministry of Education’s 111 Project (B16031)
Article History
Received: 23 August 2023
Accepted: 24 January 2024
First Online: 9 February 2024
Declarations
:
: This research adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and obtained ethical approval from the Shaanxi Normal University and Stanford University Institutional Review Board (IRB, Protocol ID 36264). The Institutional Review Board (IRB, Protocol ID 36264) approved the decision not to obtain informed consent from the local refractionists, as it was deemed necessary to preserve the advantage of the incognito approach.
: The authors declare no competing interests.