Oshina, Masahito
Oshima, Yasushi
Matsubayashi, Yoshitaka
Taniguchi, Yuki
Chikuda, Hirotaka
Riew, Kiehyun Daniel
Tanaka, Sakae
Article History
Received: 7 February 2018
Accepted: 1 August 2018
First Online: 16 August 2018
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Tokyo.
: Not applicable.
: All authors have declared the following potential conflicts of interest:MO, none. YO, none. YT, none. YM, none. HC, none.ST, Endowments: Astellas Pharma Inc., Ayumi Pharmaceutical Corporation, Pfizer Japan Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Grants: The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research, Expert testimony: Amgen Inc., Amgen Inc. Asahi Kasei Pharma, Asahi Corporation, Amgen Astellas BioPharma K.K., Ono Pharmaceutical CO., LTD., Kyocera Medical Corporation, Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Pfizer Japan Inc.KR, Second opinion: Advanced Medical.Consultation: Medtronic, Zeiss, Zimmer, Biomet.Speaker: Grand Rounds, Medtronic, Zeiss, Zimmer, Biomet.Stocks: Osprey, Expanding Orthopedics, Spineology, Spinal Kinetics, Nexgen Spine.
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