Document is current

Article History

Received: 26 October 2022

Accepted: 12 January 2023

First Online: 31 January 2023

Declarations

:

: After considering all relevant guidelines on retrospective studies, this study was not presented to a review board in advance as all data was already completely anonymised before extraction from the national database and no personal data could be deduced at any point. The data collected by the federal bureau of statistics is available as a public service to all German citizens upon request. Data from the healthcare data collection can also be freely accessed on the bureau’s website gbe-bund.de by anyone. No administrative permissions are needed to access or analyse the underlying datasets. No other ethical concerns needed to be addressed.

: Not applicable.

: There are no conflicts of interest present.