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Article History

Received: 21 February 2022

Accepted: 23 January 2023

First Online: 8 February 2023

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and all analyses were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The study obtained ethical approval from a National Research Ethics Committee (REC) and has been approved by the Independent Scientific Advisory Committee (ISAC) for Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) Database Research with protocol number 11_050AMnA2RA2. This work uses anonymised healthcare routinely collected data securely shared by GP practices across the UK and provided by Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). CPRD only receives and supplies anonymised patient data and complies with robust ethics, governance and security regulatory frameworks. The patient health data that CPRD holds have been processed in accordance with the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) Anonymisation Code of Practice. Individual patients have the right to opt out of their data being collected by CPRD for research.

: Not applicable. Individual patients have the right to opt out of their data being collected by CPRD for research.

: The institution of one or more of the authors (RPV, SK, EB, AD, LKS, AJ, SRK, and PGC) has received funding from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) to conduct this study. One or more of the authors (AJ) has received further funding from NIHR. MHS has no competing interests to declare.