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Article History

Received: 31 July 2023

Accepted: 10 January 2024

First Online: 12 January 2024

Declarations

:

: All procedures, including review of patient records used in this research were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of Tsukuba University Hospital Mito Clinical Education and Training Center/Mito Kyodo General Hospital (Nos. 21 − 11). Verbal informed consent was obtained from all patients and their parents to participate in this study. The IRB of Tsukuba University Hospital Mito Clinical Education and Training Center/Mito Kyodo General Hospital approved the study and the procedure outlined for obtaining verbal consent.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.