Bao, Pingping
Liu, He
Yang, Lan
Zhang, Lulu
Yang, Liwei
Xiao, Nannan
Shen, Jing
Deng, Jiayin
Shen, Ya
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project (TJYXZDXK-078D)
Tianjin Health Research Project (TJWJ2021ZD009)
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral Functional Reconstruction Scientific Research Project (2021KLMS04)
Article History
Received: 6 October 2023
Accepted: 17 February 2024
First Online: 22 February 2024
Declarations
:
: All experimental protocols received approval from the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Stomatological Hospital (Certificate: PH2021-B-001). All subjects provided informed consent for participating. All participants provided signed informed consent, authorizing the use of their extracted premolars for research purposes. These teeth were extracted due to orthodontic reasons. If the subjects were under 16 years of age, informed consent was obtained from their parents or legal guardians. The authors ensure that all procedures were conducted in line with relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.