Miyagawa, Chiho
Murakami, Kosuke
Tobiume, Takako
Nonogaki, Takafumi
Matsumura, Noriomi
Article History
Received: 12 September 2021
Accepted: 20 December 2021
First Online: 28 December 2021
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the ethics committees of Kindai University Hospital and Osaka Red Cross Hospital (The approval numbers are R02-090 for Kindai University Hospital and J-0156 for Osaka Red Cross Hospital). All methods were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its later amendments. Informed consent was obtained in the form of an opt-out option on the website of the institution in 2020. As this study was a retrospective observational study which used existing information such as medical records, and the analysis was conducted in an anonymized state, the ethics committee approved the opt-out method for obtaining participant consent according to the research ethics guidelines in Japan.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.